IGNOU
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Degrees offered: B.A., B.A.(Hons), B.B.A, B.C.A., B.Com, B.E /B.Tech, B.Ed.
Science is a multidisciplinary course having different subjects’ combinations in class 12th. These combinations can be PCB (Physics, Chemistry and Biology), PCM (Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics) and PCMB (Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Biology). The most popular degrees in the field of Science are B.Sc and M.Sc.
Having a good career in science, the student has a wide range of options to go ahead. It starts with bachelor’s degree (B.Sc), master’s degree (M.Sc) and then Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) in a variety of subjects like Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, Biology, Computer Science, Microbiology, and Biotechnology.
Particulars | Values |
---|---|
Branch Name | Science |
Degree | B.Sc, M.Sc |
Duration | UG: 3 years PG: 2 years |
Eligibility | UG: 10+2 in Science stream PG: Bachelor’s degree |
Admission Process | Admission Examination/ Direct Admission |
Top Entrance Exams | CUET UG. CUET PG, NEST, IIT JAM |
Average Course Fees | Rs. 5,760 to Rs. 1.70 Lakhs |
Career Options | Mathematician, Research Scientist, Biochemist, Food Inspector |
Average Salary | Rs. 8.7 LPA ( Research Scientist) |
Top Recruiters | Google, Infosys, TCS, Amazon, Accenture, Capgemini |
Science is a broad field consisting of many subjects such as Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Biology. There are many specialisations that are either similar or related to science courses. Mentioned in the table below are some of the degree programmes with their specialisations.
M.Sc Entomology | B.Sc Medical |
B.Sc Bio Group | B.Sc Physics and Computer Applications |
B.Sc Physics Sciences | M.Sc Sports Sciences |
There are many engineering and science colleges that offer undergraduate and postgraduate degree programmes in the field of Science such as B.Sc and M.Sc. The admission to these colleges is based on either entrance exams or direct admission based on the merit-score.
Colleges | Fees |
---|---|
Rs. 60,000 | |
Rs. 1.70 Lakhs | |
- | |
Rs. 13,650 | |
Rs. 1.20 Lakhs | |
- | |
- | |
Rs. 18,150 | |
Rs. 33,930 | |
Rs. 5,760 |
In India, there are a number of Science colleges that offer various degree programmes in the field of Science. Private institutes are generally more expensive than a government institute. Some of the top colleges offering science courses are listed below.
Colleges | Fees |
---|---|
BELA College Ropar | Rs. 60,000 |
BFIT Dehradun | Rs. 1.70 Lakhs |
BK Birla Colleges Kalyan | - |
BSA College Mathura | Rs. 13,650 |
BSSS Bhopal | Rs. 1.20 Lakhs |
Government colleges are generally less costly than a private institute and offer quality education. Mentioned below are the top government colleges in India offering Science degree programmes.
Colleges | Fees |
---|---|
ACRI Madurai | - |
AGCW Karaikal | - |
AISH Mysore | Rs. 18,150 |
Asutosh College | Rs. 33,930 |
CMP Degree College Allahabad | Rs. 5,760 |
Candidates are advised to check the eligibility criteria of the desired institute before applying for the admissions. The eligibility criteria is available on the official website and on the programme brochure. Generally for an undergraduate course, the candidates are required to have completed their 10+2 in Science stream and a Bachelor’s degree in Science for postgraduate courses.
Students are required to fulfil some basic eligibility requirements to get admissions to the desired institute. These requirements play an important role in granting admission. Generally the candidate needs to complete their 10+2 education in Science stream for undergraduate course admissions.
CUET UG: CUET or Common University Entrance Test is a national-level entrance examination conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA) for candidates interested in applying to numerous undergraduate and graduate programmes.
Candidates need to meet certain eligibility requirements specified by the institute for admissions. Generally for postgraduate courses, the candidates require a Bachelor’s degree in the field of Science such as B.Sc with a valid aggregate score.
CUET PG:Common University Entrance Test PG or CUET PG is a national-level entrance examination conducted by National Testing Agency (NTA) for postgraduate courses in the field of Arts. It is an online exam of 2 hours duration.
IIT JAM : IIT JAM exam includes 7 different subjects, i.e., Biotechnology, Chemistry, Economics, Geology, Mathematics, Mathematical Statistics, and Physics. It is a 3 hour online exam during February. It enables the students to be eligible for admission in PG and PhD courses.
NEST: NEST or National Entrance Screening Test is a national-level exam conducted jointly by National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar and Mumbai University - Department of Atomic Energy Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences (UM-DAE CEBS), Mumbai for admission in integrated M.Sc. programmes in the institutes. Candidates who will clear the exam will be given admission in Integrated M.Sc. programmes in Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics and Physics.
The scope of Science is very wide, students can pursue a bachelor’s degree in science, then choose the subject of their interest and pursue a Masters course and a PhD. Each course has its benefits. After a bachelor’s degree, one can pursue a Masters or start a job.
The various jobs available after completing a bachelor’s degree are also huge, like professors, Research Assistants, Technical Writers, and others.The master’s degree in a particular field helps the student to research in that field. Getting employed as a research scientist, assisting scientists in research is also a good job in the field of Science.
Minimum Fees | Maximum Fees | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Private | Government | Private | Government | |
UG | ||||
PG | ||||
DOCTORAL | ||||
DIPLOMA |
The syllabus of Science at undergraduate level is made in a way to make the students aware of the fundamentals and basics of Science. There are many specialisations in the field of Sciences at Bachelor’s level such as Physics, Mathematics, Chemistry, and Computer Science. Mentioned below is the B.Sc Mathematics Hons syllabus of Jadavpur University.
Semester- I | |
Calculus | Geometry |
Algebra- I | - |
Semester- II | |
Mechanics- I | Differential Equations III |
Algebra II | - |
Semester- III | |
Mechanics II | Differential Equation II |
Analysis II | |
Semester- IV | |
Vector Analysis | Differential Equations III |
Analysis II | |
Semester- V | |
Numerical Methods | Numerical Methods Practical Using C |
Algebra III | Optional Paper 1 |
Optional Paper II | - |
Semester- VI | |
Probability Theory | Linear Programming and Optimisation |
Algebra IV | Optional Paper III |
Optional Paper III | - |
The syllabus for Science at postgraduate level may vary depending on the institute but it remains almost the same for every institute. Most popular degree programme at postgraduate level in the field of Science is M.Sc offered at many specialisations. Mentioned below is the M.Sc syllabus of IIT Guwahati.
Semester- I | |
Transition and Non-transition Metal Chemistry | Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory |
Principles of Organic Chemistry | Quantum Chemistry |
Group Theory and Spectroscopy | - |
Semester- II | |
Inorganic Reaction Mechanism and Organometallics | Organic Reactions Mechanisms |
Organic Chemistry Laboratory | Chemical Dynamics and Electrochemistry |
Applications of Spectroscopy | - |
Semester- III | |
Graduate Seminar | Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry |
Concepts in Organic Synthesis | Modern Techniques and Scope of Chemical Biology |
Classical and Statistical Thermodynamics | Physical Chemistry Laboratory |
Semester- IV | |
Computer in Chemistry | Project |
Elective I | Elective II |
List of Electives | |
Principle and Applications of Luminescence Spectroscopy | Advanced Organometallic Chemistry |
Advanced Quantum Chemistry | Bioinorganic Chemistry |
Art in Organic Synthesis | Modern Reagents in Organic Synthesis |
Advance Quantum Chemistry | Advances in Nucleic Acid and Lipid Chemistry |
There are many career options in the field of Science, which depend on the degree and the specialisation chosen by the student. In the table below, we have mentioned the top career options in the field of Sciences.
Job Profile | Job Description |
---|---|
Research Project Assistant | A Research Project Assistant is appointed as an assistant to the research project. He/she performs the experiments and the research. |
Drug Safety Associate | A Drug Safety Associate monitors, evaluates and prevents adverse reactions of drugs in the patient’s body. |
Clinical Research Associate | Clinical Research Associate collects and organises data which is obtained from different field studies, also processes results of long term testing drugs. |
Technical Writer/Editor | A Technical Writer prepares instruction manuals, journal articles and other articles which help to communicate the results of complex studies. They also communicate with customers regarding technical information. |
The course of science is an ever-rising course. Research in this field is increasing every day due to innovations or new diseases. Many new fields are also coming up in this field of Science such as 3D Printing, Bio similar, and Cell and Gene Therapy. Some of the upcoming trends in the field of Science are:
There are various course options in the field of Sciences such as Research Scientist, Biologist, Microbiologist, and Pharmacologist. Some of the top recruiters in the field of Science are mentioned below.
Top Recruiters:
The salary of a Science graduate depends on the level of experience, location of the company, and the job profile applied by the candidate. The initial salary will be less, but it will keep on increasing as the students will gain more experience. Mentioned below are the average salaries available for a Science graduate.
Job Profiles | Average Salary |
---|---|
Research Scientist | Rs. 8.7 LPA |
Biologist | Rs. 4.1 LPA |
Microbiologist | Rs. 3.0 LPA |
Pharmacologist | Rs. 4.8 LPA |
Source: Ambition Box
There are certain skills that the candidate must have such as Technical Skills, and Scientific skills to do well in the field of Science. These skills are important for overall grooming and growth of the candidate. Some of the skills required for Science courses are.
Students can do several courses at UG, PG and PhD levels. They can do a degree, diploma, certificate, integrated and vocational courses in science. They also have the option to do these courses as full-time, part-time, distance/correspondence and online programmes. There are many specialisations in the field of Science such as Mathematics, Biology. Physics, and Computer Science.
Application Process: 09 Jun, 2024 - 10 Jun, 2024
Exam Date: 23 Jun, 2024
Exam Date: 09 Jun, 2024
Exam Date: 25 Jun, 2024 - 27 Jun, 2024
Answer :
The career options available for a Science graduate are Research Project Assistant, Drug Safety Associate, Clinical Research Associate, Technical Writer and Editor.
Answer :
The average salary of a Science graduate depends on the job profile, location of the company and skills and expertise of the candidate. The average salary of a Research Scientist in India is Rs. 8.7 LPA.
Answer :
The subjects depend on the specialisation chosen by the candidate, for example, in B.Sc Mathematics, some of the subjects offered are Calculus, Algebra, Geometry, Differential Equation, Vector Analysis and Probability Theory.
Answer :
The top recruiters in the field of Science are Google, Yahoo, ISM, Infosys, Accenture, Wipro and Capgemini.
Answer :
The average course fees of Science course depends on the level of education and on the institute. Generally, the average course fees of a Science course ranges from Rs. 5,760 to Rs. 1.70 Lakhs.
Answer :
There are many degrees that are similar or related to Science field such as M.Sc Entomology, B.Sc Bio group, B.Sc Physics and Computer Applications, M.Sc Sports Sciences and B.Sc Physical Sciences.
Answer :
The course duration of Science courses depends on the level of education. The course duration of an undergraduate degree in Science is three years and that of a postgraduate degree is two-years.
Answer :
Some of the top colleges for the B.Sc course are Miranda House, Hindu College, St. Stephen's College, Loyala College, St. Xavier's College, Hansraj College, Madras Christian College.
Answer :
Students who have given both of these exams have said that CUCET is more difficult than UPCATET since the latter is a state-level exam while the former is a national level exam conducted in 14 central universities.
Answer :
The main difference lies in the subjects that are taught. In the BSc Hons Degree, the subjects and courses are taught in more depth than the normal BSc degree. It also differs from universities to universities.
Question : Comprehension:
Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.
Plato is the earliest important educational thinker, and education is an essential element in 'The Republic' (his most important work on philosophy and political theory, written around 360 B.C.). In it, he advocates some rather extreme methods: removing children from their mothers' care and raising them as wards of the state, and differentiating children suitable to the various castes, the highest receiving the most education, so that they could act as guardians of the city and care for the less able. He believed that education should be holistic, including facts, skills, physical discipline, music, and art. Plato believed that talent and intelligence are not distributed genetically and thus can be found in children born to all classes, although his proposed system of selective public education for an educated minority of the population does not really follow a democratic model.
Aristotle considered human nature, habit, and reason to be equally important forces to be cultivated in education, the ultimate aim of which should be to produce good and virtuous citizens. He proposed that teachers lead their students systematically, and that repetition be used as a key tool to develop good habits, unlike Socrates' emphasis on questioning his listeners to bring out their own ideas. He emphasized the balancing of the theoretical and practical aspects of subjects taught, among which he explicitly mentions reading, writing, mathematics, music, physical education, literature, history, and a wide range of sciences, as well as play, which he also considered important.
Question:
Which of these statements is NOT true?
Option 1: Socrates encouraged the listeners to come up with original ideas.
Option 2: The Republic was written around 360 A.D.
Option 3: Socrates considered music and physical education as important aspects of learning.
Option 4: Plato's methods of education can be called 'extreme'.
Correct Answer: The Republic was written around 360 A.D.
Solution : The second option is the correct choice.
The statement the Republic was written around 360 A.D. is not true.
Explanation:
The Republic, Plato's most important work on philosophy and political theory, was written around 360 B.C., not 360 A.D. The use of B.C. (Before Christ) and A.D. (Anno Domini) helps specify the historical period. Plato lived in ancient Greece, and his influential work was composed in the 4th century B.C., making the correct time reference.
Question : Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
The world is undergoing rapid changes in the knowledge landscape. With various dramatic scientific and technological advances, such as the rise of big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, many unskilled jobs worldwide may be taken over by machines, while the need for a skilled workforce, particularly involving mathematics, computer science, and data science, in conjunction with multidisciplinary abilities across the sciences, social sciences, and humanities, (1)________ increasingly in greater demand. With climate change, increasing pollution, and depleting natural resources, there will be a sizeable shift in how we (2)_______ the world's energy, water, food, and sanitation needs, again resulting in the need for new skilled labour, particularly in biology, chemistry, physics, agriculture, climate science, and social science. The growing (3)________ of epidemics and pandemics will also (4)_______ collaborative research in infectious disease management and development of vaccines, and the resultant social issues heighten the need for multidisciplinary learning. There will be a growing (5)__________ for humanities and art as India moves towards becoming a developed country as well as among the three largest economies in the world.
Question:
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank number 5.
Option 1: command
Option 2: extort
Option 3: demand
Option 4: claim
Correct Answer: demand
Solution : The third option is the correct choice.
The context of the sentence discusses growing something for humanities and art. Demand fits well in this context, indicating an increasing need or desire for the humanities and art.
The meanings of the other options are as follows:
Therefore, the correct answer is demand.
Question : Comprehension:
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.
Indian mathematician Nikhil Srivastava, working at the University of California in Berkeley, is among the winners of the Prestigious 2021 Michael and Sheila Held Prize, announced last week by the US National Academy of Sciences (NAS). Adam W. Marcus, EPFL (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne), and Daniel Alan Spielman, Yale University, are the other two winners.
"Marcus, Spielman, and Srivastava solved longstanding questions on the Kadison-Singer problem and on Ramanujan graphs, and in the process, they uncovered a deep new connection between linear algebra, the geometry of polynomials, and graph theory that has inspired the next generation of theoretical computer scientists," the NAS said in a statement.
An Indian national, Nikhil was born in New Delhi in November 1983 and has attended educational institutions across the world—Syria, the UK, Saudi Arabia, and the US—as his father was an Indian Foreign Services officer, who has served as the Indian ambassador to Uganda and Denmark. At present, Nikhil is an associate professor of mathematics at UC Berkeley. The Michael and Sheila Held Prize is presented annually to honour outstanding, innovative, creative, and influential research in the area of combinatorial mathematics.
Question:
Which of the following is NOT true of Nikhil Srivastava, according to the passage?
Option 1: He had his education in many countries around the world.
Option 2: He has served as the Indian ambassador to Denmark and Uganda.
Option 3: He was born in North India in the early 1980s.
Option 4: He is now a faculty at the University of Califomia.
Correct Answer: He has served as the Indian ambassador to Denmark and Uganda.
Solution : The correct choice is the second option.
As stated in the last paragraph of the passage, it was Nikhil's father who was an Indian Foreign Services officer and served as the Indian Ambassador to Uganda and Denmark, and not him.
Therefore, the correct answer is: He has served as the Indian ambassador to Denmark and Uganda.
Question : Comprehension:
In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.
The world is undergoing rapid changes in the knowledge landscape. With various dramatic scientific and technological advances, such as the rise of big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, many unskilled jobs worldwide may be taken over by machines, while the need for a skilled workforce, particularly involving mathematics, computer science, and data science, in conjunction with multidisciplinary abilities across the sciences, social sciences, and humanities, (1)________ increasingly in greater demand. With climate change, increasing pollution, and depleting natural resources, there will be a sizeable shift in how we (2)_______ the world's energy, water, food, and sanitation needs, again resulting in the need for new skilled labour, particularly in biology, chemistry, physics, agriculture, climate science, and social science. The growing (3)________ of epidemics and pandemics will also (4)_______ collaborative research in infectious disease management and development of vaccines, and the resultant social issues heighten the need for multidisciplinary learning. There will be a growing (5)__________ for humanities and art as India moves towards becoming a developed country as well as among the three largest economies in the world.
Question:
Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank number 1.
Option 1: is
Option 2: are
Option 3: will be
Option 4: should be
Correct Answer: will be
Solution : The third option is the correct choice.
The sentence discusses the future demand for a skilled workforce, particularly in fields like mathematics, computer science, and data science. The phrase, in conjunction with multidisciplinary abilities, suggests that these skills will be increasingly in demand in the future. So, will be appropriately convey the future nature of the demand for a skilled workforce in the given context.
Therefore, the complete sentence is: "...across the sciences, social sciences, and humanities, will be increasingly in greater demand."
Question : Comprehension:
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.
Indian mathematician Nikhil Srivastava, working at the University of California in Berkeley, is among the winners of the Prestigious 2021 Michael and Sheila Held Prize, announced last week by the US National Academy of Sciences (NAS). Adam W. Marcus, EPFL (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne), and Daniel Alan Spielman, Yale University, are the other two winners.
"Marcus, Spielman, and Srivastava solved longstanding questions on the Kadison-Singer problem and on Ramanujan graphs, and in the process, they uncovered a deep new connection between linear algebra, the geometry of polynomials, and graph theory that has inspired the next generation of theoretical computer scientists," the NAS said in a statement.
An Indian national, Nikhil was born in New Delhi in November 1983 and has attended educational institutions across the world—Syria, the UK, Saudi Arabia, and the US—as his father was an Indian Foreign Services officer, who has served as the Indian ambassador to Uganda and Denmark. At present, Nikhil is an associate professor of mathematics at UC Berkeley. The Michael and Sheila Held Prize is presented annually to honour outstanding, innovative, creative, and influential research in the area of combinatorial mathematics.
Question:
What is the connection between the prize winners and the famous Indian mathematical genius Ramanujan?
Option 1: They explained Ramanujan's graphs in solving the Kadison-Singer problem.
Option 2: The prize winners were all admirers of Ramanujan's great contribution.
Option 3: The prize winners were all students of Ramanujan.
Option 4: They solved questions on Ramanujan's graphs that had not been solved for a long time.
Correct Answer: They solved questions on Ramanujan's graphs that had not been solved for a long time.
Solution : The correct choice is the fourth option.
As stated in the second paragraph of the passage, the prize winners, Marcus, Spielman, and Srivastava, solved longstanding questions on the Kadison-Singer problem and on Ramanujan graphs.
Therefore, the correct answer is: They solved questions on Ramanujan's graphs that had not been solved for a long time.
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